What is a Law of Nature?

A little bit of humility goes a long way. Mathematics, as a field of study, is built upon axioms, definitions, and logical reasoning. It is a rigorous and systematic approach to understanding patterns, quantities, and structures, and it is not something that can be "broken" in the traditional sense.

The problem is, as you must realise, is that those mathematical structures are then used to model something - and they only model that something inexactly. If you observe a reasonable correspondence between a theory and experiment over the range of the solar system, there is no axiom that lets you extend that relationship out to the galaxy or to the whole universe, or back in time to the supposed big bang.

As I have tried to point out here, even humanity's past experience of physics tells us that. The gas laws were (and still are) inexact, but useful within a limited domain.

It is not the mathematics that becomes 'broken' but the slavish assumption that the maths holds right back to time zero that is broken.

David